Our force today is the amalgamation of the former Bristol Constabulary, Somerset and Bath Constabulary and the Staple Hill division of Gloucestershire Constabulary.
One of the largest forces in England and Wales, we police a population of almost 1.5 million people and 1,855 square miles that take in virtually every kind of landscape - city centres, wild moors, dense forests, busy holiday resorts and vast commercial and industrial complexes.
Over the centuries there have been a variety of ways of policing
the area - unpaid watchmen, parish constables, deputies and wardens; all
responsible for keeping the peace.
It was a Somerset man, novelist Henry Fielding, who organised the first police force. After becoming chairman of Westminster Quarter Sessions in 1748, with offices on Bow Street, he recruited six householders to serve as constables. The officers in this small force, who became known as the Bow Street Runners, were successful in breaking up some notorious gangs.
By the 1820s the force was unable to control crime and the Home
Secretary, Sir Robert Peel ,established the Metropolitan Police,
recruiting 3,000 young men of strength, intelligence and
character.
The idea of professional police forces was introduced in the Municipal Corporations Act of 1835. Cities and towns in the West Country were swift to act on this new legislation, and both Bath and Bristol formed their own police forces in the following year.
The original Bristol Constabulary was headed by a superintendent
who had 232 men under his command, each of them issued with a top hat,
blue coat and white trousers.
Over the years the constabulary pioneered many practices that were
eventually adopted around the country. It was the first force to
photograph prisoners and recruit female police cadets. The Bath force was
formed six months earlier than its city neighbour, whilst Bridgwater and
Chard both started in 1839. Both had become part of the Somerset
Constabulary by 1940. In 1974, the present Avon and Somerset Constabulary
was formed.
Our technology today
The
technology behind today's force is a world away from the days of the early
constabulary. Officers are carefully selected and highly trained so
they're ready for anything - from patrolling the beat to cracking complex
financial frauds. Officers are equipped with personal radios, expandable
lightweight metal batons, CS spray and newly-designed handcuffs. With
access to the Police National Computer, the force also has the benefit of
electronic filing, photographic retrieval systems, medical and scientific
officers and fingerprint and photographic experts. We can also call on the
Western Counties Air Operations Unit's helicopter, equipped with thermal
imaging equipment and a gyro-stabilised video camera.
How we get around
In the
last century most journeys made by police officers were on foot . Now we
have a fleet of more than 660 vehicles, including road policing cars and
motorcycles, which patrol the 3,800 miles of road in the area.
Females in the
force
Bristol was one of the first cities in the country to
appoint policewomen. Despite the difficulties of being accepted by male
officers and the public, there were 13 policewomen on patrol in Bristol by
the end of the war in 1918. After the Sex Discrimination Act of 1975 women
officers were allocated to round-the-clock operational shifts.